Santa Claus and other bringers of gifts
-
Saint Nicholas
In Western culture, the holiday is characterized by the exchange of gifts among friends and family members, some of the gifts being attributed
to Santa Claus (also known as Father Christmas, Saint Nicholas(St. Nikolaus), Sinterklaas, Joulupukki, Weihnachtsmann, Saint Basil and Father Frost).
Father Christmas predates the Santa Claus character, and was first recorded in the 15th century,[23] but was associated with holiday merrymaking and drunkenness. Santa Claus is a variation of a Dutch folk tale based on the historical figure Saint Nicholas, or Sinterklaas, who gave gifts on the eve of his feast day of December 6. He became associated with Christmas in 19th century America and was renamed Santa Claus or Saint Nick. In Victorian Britain,
Father Christmas's image was remade to match that of Santa. The French equivalent of Santa, Père Noël, evolved along similar lines, eventually adopting the Santa image. In Italian, Babo Natale acts as Santa Clause, while La
Befana, is the bringer of gifts. It is said that La Befana set out to bring the baby Jesus gifts, but got lost along the way.
Now, she brings gifts ot all children.
In some cultures Santa Claus is accompanied by Knecht Ruprecht, or Black Peter. In other versions, elves make the toys. His wife is referred to as Mrs. Claus.
The current tradition in several Latin American countries (such as Venezuela) holds that while Santa makes the toys, he then gives them to the Baby Jesus, who is the one who actually delivers them to the children's homes. This story is meant to be a reconciliation between traditional
religious beliefs and modern day globalization, most notably the iconography of Santa Claus imported from the United States.